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[ biotech news ] Scientists Allege U.S. Losing Lead in Stem Cell Research; Advanced Cell Technolo
Scientists Allege U.S. Losing Lead in Stem Cell Research; Advanced
Cell Technology Generated Stem Cell Embryos in 2003, but Lack of
Federal Funding Hampered Progress
Figure Cloned Human Morula : A human embryo generated by SCNT at
Advanced Cell Technology in 2003 (Photo: Business Wire).
Nov. 23, 2005--South Korea's World Stem Cell Hub could become the
leading center for stem cell and therapeutic cloning research,
because of the chilling effect U.S. policy has had on stem cell
research, according to Dr. Robert Lanza, Vice President for Medical
& Scientific Development of Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. (OTCBB:
ACTC), and Professor Ronald Green, Director of Dartmouth's Ethics
Institute and chair of Advanced Cell Technology's Ethics Advisory
Board, writing in the November 24th issue of the scientific journal
Nature. "It reflects how far the United States has fallen behind its
competitors in this pivotal area and how much the lack of federal
leadership has handicapped US efforts," allege Lanza and Green.
The current administration's restrictive policy also impacted
Advanced Cell Technology's own promising program to produce human
embryos through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), Lanza and
Green state. "We believe the South Koreans are winning the race,
because "in our view (the current administration's) restrictive
policy on funding stem cell research was a major factor." They add,
that the Administration "repeatedly spoke out in support of
legislation in Congress that would ban all therapeutic cloning
research."
Advanced Cell Technology's own human SCNT program was initiated in
2000, with strong ethical guidelines provided by the company's
Ethics Advisory Board to assist researchers in this pioneering egg
donor program.
"Apart from the egos involved here," said Green, "the stakes for
this research are important. Although the South Korean team deserves
every credit for their accomplishments, the current absence of a
strong U.S. competitor in this research narrows the range of
directions likely to be explored."
"By driving research out of this country, (U.S. government) policies
have also made it difficult to develop and apply rigorous ethical
oversight for this research," Green added.
After Advanced Cell Technology scientists created the first early (4-
6 cell stage) cloned human embryos in 2001, they were able to
quickly generate more advanced stem-cell-competent stage embryos. In
the last SCNT experiments in 2003, the company had 16 eggs, of which
13 (81%) developed into healthy-looking 8-16 cell morula, which have
the capacity to generate stem cells in both animals and humans.
Advanced Cell Technology carried out control experiments involving
just activation. Although healthy looking in appearance, both the
SCNT embryos and parthenote controls failed to develop into
blastocysts, because the wrong culture media were being used. When
the company's scientists changed the media and repeated the
parthenote controls the next time, 12 of 14 (86%) 8-16 cell stage
morula went on to develop into blastocysts.
"As early as 2002 and 2003," Lanza said, "the Advanced Cell
Technology research team had the science worked out and simply
needed to repeat the experiment using the right media in order to
obtain stem cells. Unfortunately, these were the last SCNT
experiments performed in the Unite States."
Lanza and Green conclude by noting that the company was not a
special case. "Indeed, the stem-cell area as a whole has continued
to encounter difficulties in garnering sufficient financial
support."
About Advanced Cell Technology
Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. is a biotechnology company applying
stem cell technology in the emerging field of regenerative medicine.
The company is currently headquartered in Worcester, Massachusetts.
For more information about the company visit
http://www.advancedcell.com
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